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Secondary
Description
Secondary education is the second stage of formal education. Many countries distinguish between two stages of secondary education in these cases, lower secondary education is seen as building on the outcomes of schooling at the primary level, and may focus on life-skills education, and the transition students from generalized program of education to the specialized programs of upper secondary. Upper secondary education is often designed to prepare students for tertiary education or entry to the workforce. While some countries promote easy progression to lower and upper secondary others control progression through examinations. In many countries, secondary levels of education may be separated into specialized tracks with a focus on vocational training and academic/general education. Upper secondary is less likely to be treated as a compulsory or free education program.
Education statistics published by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics follow International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) classifications of school levels and may not always agree with a countrys own classification system. When this is the case, UIS statistics may not reflect the nature of the official education system for the country. When EPDC is aware of such discrepancies, they are noted on the country pages of our website.
- Universal Basic Education: A Progress-based Path to 2025
- Working Paper: The Expansion of Secondary Education and the Need for Teachers: How big is the gap?
- Working Paper: Expanding Secondary Education for Sub-Saharan Africa: Where are the Teachers?
- EQUIP2 State-of-the-Art Knowledge in Education: Secondary Education
- Modeling Methodology and Assumptions in HIPE-Trend Based Model
- Is universal education within reach? Results from EPDC education projections
- Long Path to Achieving Education for All: School Access, Retention, and Learning in 20 Countries
- Teenage, Married, and Out of School: Effects of early marriage and childbirth on school dropout
- Literacy data: More, but not always better
- National Learning Assessment Mapping Project
- Does Horizontal Education Inequality Lead to Violent Conflict?
- Investment in Equity and Peacebuilding: Uganda Case Study
- Investment in Equity and Peacebuilding: South Africa Case Study
- Horizontal Inequality in Education and Violent Conflict Literature Review
- Making Waves: The Rising Demand for Secondary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Education Inequality and Violent Conflict: Evidence and Policy Considerations
- Universal, but not Free: Household Schooling Costs and Equity Effects of Uganda's Universal Secondary Education Policy
- The Role of Secondary Education Tuition Fees in Enrollment Behavior in Malawi
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